A report that each Party (i.e., country) to the UNFCCC (“Convention”) prepares periodically in accordance with the guidelines developed and adopted by the Conference of the Parties (COP). Specifically, it is a commitment of each Party to provide (i) a national inventory of anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks of all GHGs, and (ii) a general description of steps taken or envisaged by the Party to implement the Convention.